Improved machine for boring and mortising blind-stiles



' UNITED STATES PATENT OrEIeEO E. R. LOUGHEAD, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BORING AND MORTISING BLIND-STILES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,590, dated May 19, 1863,' antedated December 11, 1861.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. R. LOUGHEAD, of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new `and useful Improvement in Machines for Mortising orBoring Venetian-Shutter Stiles; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention has for its object the cutting of mortises or the boring of pivot-holes in the stiles of shutters to receive the ends or 'pivotelof slats or louvers; and it consists of the several parts hereinafter to be described.

In order that others duly skilled may be enabled to understand and construct and use my invention, I shall proceed t0 describe itin deta-il.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of the entire machine, a portion of the bench on which the stile to be mortised lies being cut away for the greater convenience of showing other portions of the machinery. Fig. 2 is a plan looking down on top of machine. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the side of a 'shutter-stile, showing the mortises and pivot-holes in progress and iinished.

Like letters designate like parts in all the drawings.

The frame-work of machine consists of four or more uprights, (marked A,) connected together at top by two longitudinal pieces, B B, and two cross pieces, C C, and strengthened below by two longitudinal rails, a d, and by two cross-rails, b b, the whole being secured together by mortise and tenon and made sufficiently rm. On the near side of bench a solid side, c, is mortised between the uprights, in the manner of ajoiners bench, for the purpose of sustaining several of the working and passive parts of the machine.

Z Z are two adjustable skeleton brackets, secured adjustably to solid side of bench c and supporting the narrow bench Y, on which the stile or rail to be mortised is laid. This bench is provided with a ledge, a', on the inside, which serves as a stop-gage.

D is the drivin gshaft, furnished with four pulleys, cZ, e, f, and g, and working in proper journal-boxes. Motion is communicated from some contiguous source of power by belt passing round the pulley f.

E is a secondary driving-shaft at the opposite end of machine, provided with two drumpulleys, la t', and a grooved pulley, j. A belt passes from pulley d on shaft D to pulley h on shaft E, and another belt passes from pulley 'Z to the pulley k on arbor F, which carries the boring-tool Gr. This arbor F is jour- Ilaled in two movable and sliding boxes, ZZ, which are held in the guides H H, secured to the frame-work B B. In these guides the boxes Z Zcan slide back and forth laterally and within limits up and down. The guides have a slight inclination backward, in order to give the proper and desired lap of the slats. They are also reversible, as will hereinafter be more particularly set forth. The boxes Z Zare connected together laterally by the yoke m, and from the lower surface of one of said boxes a pin (not shown in drawings) projects into the slot of guide-frame H', just now to be described.

H is aframe made to reciprocate horizontally and longitudinally on the frame-work B B, and between two slides, n n, fastened thereon, two corresponding slips or slides on under side of frame,dovetailing therewith. This guide-frame is thin or low at one end, o, and thick or high at the other end, p, the change from thin to thick taking place somewhere near the middle of frame and by a rather sudden incline, as at q. In one of the sides of frame a camgroove, r, is formed, going inward toward the machinery by an incline, then continuing straight for a short distance longitudinally, and returning outward by an incline equal to the first one by which it came in. In this groove the projecting pin in lower surface of journal-box Z slides, and as the frame H reciprocates back and forth the boxes Z Z are regularly lowered and raised and moved sidewise in and out, carrying with Jahem, of course, the arbor Fand tool G. A pitman, r', from crank-wheel t on shaft I, and connected by projecting arm s with guide-frame H', causes the latter to reciprocate. Here it isI proper to remark-that the amount of lateral traverse of the arbor F and tool Gr determines the depth of the mortise or pivot-holein shutter-stile.

J is a block, secured by screw-nuts to the solid side c, having projecting-arms t' t, in

which the frame K slides, Athe said frame'being provided with corresponding projecting parts, which slide in dovetail grooves in projecting arms t/ t of bracket J. The motion of frame in said grooves is out toward bench Y and inward from the same to framework B B. The block J is reversible in direction, as will be more particularly explained below, and as shown by red lines on Fig. 1.

L is an arbor journaled in boxes on frame K and carrying a groovedk pulley, u, and a cutter head or tool, n. The arbor is inclined to the horizon from back to front, but is parallelV to the bench considered laterally. A cord, w,

passes over the grcoved pulley g on shaft D, and over grooved pulley u on arbor L. Thus motion from the driving-shaft D is communicated to cutter-head t.

y y are two box-brackets secured to near side of framework, and the rod M rests in the two boxes, reciprocating longitudinally therein. On. this rod a horizontal cam plate, z, is secured, said plate being pierced with two ctmslot's, c z, similar in horizontal direction to one-half of groove r on frame H, be'- fore described. To frame K two projecting arms, 2 2, are fastened, having each a small pin at the end, which pins pass through slots z z in plate a. A collar, 3, fastened to rod M, gives attachment to pitman N, which p'tman, being'conneeted with crank-wheel O, gives reciprocating` motion to rod M and, of course, to cam-plate e. The effect of reciprocation of camplate z is to alternately move the cutterhead o to and from the bench Y, on which the stile to be mortised is laid.

P is a shaft jonrnaled in boxes attached to uprights A A. A pulley, 4, and atoothed pinv ipn, 5, are keyed to this shaft. A belt passes over pulley e on shaft D, and over pulley 4 on shaft O, for the communication of motion from the former to the latter. Iis another shaft, journaled in boxes resting on framework B B. A toothed wheel, Q, is keyed on this shaft, and is in gear with pinion 5 on shaf't l?. The crank-wheels t and O are slipped loosely on the end of shaft I, and, being each formed with stops on their inner bosses, may either of them, separately or both together, be temporarily geared to shaft by the clutches R 1t, provided for that purpose.

On the outer side of wheel Q is a cam, S. A bent lever, T, is pivoted horizontally on cross-pieces C C. As the wheel Q revolves, the cam S, striking the projecting end of lever T, pushes it back, and the free end of same lever, acting on another vertical lever and feed-finger or pawl, U, feeds the stile on along the bench Y as each mortise is completed. A notched strip, V, is tacked on top of stile W for the purpose of feeding. A spring, X, returns the lever T and finger U for another feed-motion.

The guides H H, in which journal-boxes ll are held, are made reversible for the purpose of guiding the boring-tool G when mortising either right or left hand stiles. The blockJ and frame K on near side of frame-work is likewise made reversible as to its inclination for the same reason. When this frame K is reversed, the cord w from pulley u passes over pulley j on shaft E, as shown on Fig. l in red lines.

The guide-frame Hl, as before described, being thicker at one end than at the other, is likewise adjustable as to the inequality of thickness, the thick end p being merely a piece screwed on, and several pieces may be provided of different thicknesses to suit the size of stile to be mortised, the difference between one end, o, and the other end, p, being equal to the width, vertically measured, between the holes l and qb, Fig. 3, which form the extremities of the slanting mortises. When it is desired merely to bore pivot-holes, as shown at gv, Fig. 3, the thick end is taken off from H, and the tool merely traverses laterally back and forth, as in boring and withdrawing. It is well here to remark, also, that the tool Gr makes two entrances into the stile for every single entrance of the cutterhead fv. The double cam-groove r in frame H provides for this, while the single cam z a in plate z provides for that of the cutterhead v.

The operation of my invention has been set forth incidentally as much as is requisite for its full understanding during the description of its parts.

The advantages of my machine over hand and disconnected work will be obvious and need not be dwelt upon.

Now, I claim as my invention and desire to secure byLetters Patent-l 1. Forming by machinery oblique mortises.

in blind-Stiles, Ste., by the conjoint operation. of a boring-bit and a rotating cuttingktool, substantially as specified. y

2. Communicating to the boringebit G a horizontal reciprocating motion in connection with an oblique vertical motion by means of the reciprocating guide-frame H and guides H, in the manner substantially as specified, for the purpose of boring a double row of holes, as set forth.

E. R. LO UGHEAD.

Witnesses J. B. ELLIOTT, GEO. lPYnURN. 

